In 2016, Google enhanced Android’s phone app to alert users about potential spam calls. Despite numerous updates and similar features, the issue remains pervasive. Now, the FCC aims to tackle the problem at its core by reinforcing existing "Know-Your-Customer" (KYC) regulations.
The FCC is seeking public comments on implementing stricter verification processes for new and renewing customers. This may involve requiring customers to submit their name, address, government-issued ID, and alternative phone numbers.
Furthermore, the Commission is exploring ways to penalize carriers that breach KYC rules, focusing on their tolerance for illegal calls. The objective is to ensure that penalties correspond to the harm inflicted by spam callers.

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Currently, the FCC mandates that carriers know their customers and terminate service for those using the network for spam or illegal activities. Nevertheless, many carriers have fallen short of these responsibilities.
Blocking spam callers from obtaining phone lines is only part of the solution; the FCC urges carriers to actively block detected spam calls as well. Additionally, carriers should provide more caller identification information to help customers protect themselves better. This initiative includes features like STIR/SHAKEN.
Source (PDF) | Via